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Ayurveda, means the science of healthy living, derives its name from the Sanskrit words, AYUSH (LIFE) and VEDA (KNOWLEDGE). It looks at healing in a holistic fashion. The physical treatment has overtones of philosophical and psychological approaches too. Any ailment in the body is viewed as a result of a combination of factors with special reference to the components of diet. It is here that Ayurveda recognizes that each individual is different and so treatment too should be customized. The Ayurvedic principles are found in detail in Atharva Veda, one of the four Vedas of Hinduism.

Principles of Ayurveda	Asthanga Ayurveda (8 principle branches of Medicine)
Relation between 3 dhoshas	Preventive treatments for Health
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Principles of Ayurveda:

Ayurveda is based on two important theories:

• Thridosha Siddhanta: According to Thridosha siddanta, life is the manifestation of three basic aspects named Vatha, Pitha and Kapha. As long as these three doshas are in balance, health prevails. When these doshas falls into imbalance, ill health occurs.
   

• Panchabhoota Siddhanta: According to the Panchabhoota siddhanta , Universe is made of five basic factors named bhootas. They are Prithwi, Jal, Vayu, Akasa and Agni. Though it is impossible to define these Bhootas perfectly, we can equate Prithwi as Earth and Jal as water, Agni as fire, Vayu as air and Akasa as space.

Ayurveda makes use of the relation between three dhoshas of Vatha (Small & Large Intestines), Pitha (Liver, Spleen, Gall Bladder, Stomach, Duodenum, Pancreas) and Kapha (Sinuses, Nostrils, Throat, Bronchi) and five bhoothas of Prithvi, Jal, Agni, Vayu and Akasa.

• Bhootas of Vayu and Akasa activate Vatha,

• Bhootas of Agni activate Pitha and

• Bhoothas of Prithvi and Jal activate Kapha.

Ayurveda proved through the centuries of experience and research that every material in the universe can be used as drugs, provided that they are processed and used rationally, according to these dhosha-bhootha relation.

In Ayurveda the creative force ‘Dhanvantari’ the divine healer, symbolizes Brahma!!!

Ayurveda is concerned with eight principle branches of medicines, collectively called ‘Ashtang Ayurveda’. They are:

1. Kayachikitsa (Internal medicine)

2. Shalya (Surgery)

3. Shalkya (Otorhinolaryngology and Ophthalmology)

4. Kaumr Bhritya (Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics)

5. Agad tantra (Toxicology)

6. Rasayana (Gerentorology)

7. Vajikaran (Aphrodisiacs) and

8. Bhoot Vaidya (Psychiatry)

Preventive Treatments for Health:

Ayurveda prescribes three courses of treatment for a person to be completely healthy. They are called, Swasthahitham, Rasayanam, and Vajeekaranam. The first one, Swasthahitham, is meant for preserving one's health, the second one, Rasayanam, is meant for improving immunity to diseases and the third one, Vajeekarnam aims at maintaining the sexual power of human being.

Panchkarma is a therapeutic process in Ayurveda which is carried out for purifying the body and mind before undertaking any of the above treatments.

Panchakarma includes:

• Vamanam: Inducing the patient to vomit by giving medicines for purifying the respiratory system.

• Virechanam: Inducing loose motion by giving purgative medicines

• Nasyam: Application of medicine through the nostrils to cure all the ailments of the nose, ear, throat and head.

• Vasthi:  Application of medicine through the anus.

• Rakthamoksha: Purification of blood

Poorvakarma includes:

• Pizhichil: Massaging of the whole body after external application of medicated oil on the whole body

• Dhara: A slow stream of medicated oil is applied on the forehead for a prescribed time

• Swedam: It is performed for sweating the body and there are different methods adopted for this

• Elakizhi : Sweating the body using herbal leaves and oil

• Dhanyakizhi: Sweating the body using food grains

• Njavarakizhi: Sweating the body using seeds of Njavara

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